New Horizons for Ionic Liquids

Ionic liquids are effective solvents for a wide range of organic, inorganic, and polymeric containing organic cations and inorganic anions. They are easy to recycle, are nonflammable, and have no detectable as replacements for volatile organic compounds used as industrial solvents. Ionic liquids can carry out enzyme catalyzed reactions an..

Improved Spin Finish for Synthetic Fibres: A New Approach to Solving the Problem

In addition to an oiling agent, emulsifier, and antistatic agent, spin finishes can also contain antioxidants, antimicrobial agents, pigments, and antifoaming agents. Although recent literature suggests that it is impossible to create multicomponent colloidal spin finishes with defined processing properties, experiments at the Ivanovo Sta..

Effect of Hard Segments on Morphology of Polyurethanes

Experiments synthesized a series of thermoplastic polyurethanes with five diisocyanates and hydrogenated bisphenol A as the hard segments and polycarprolactone diol as the soft segment. Differential scanning calorimetry, wide angle X-ray diffraction, and small angle X-ray scattering analyses measured the effects of the hard segments on pl..

Photoresponsive Self-Assembled Multilayers of Three New Azo Polyelectrolytes

Experiments synthesized three azo functionalized polyelectrolytes from a very reactive precursor polymer, poly(acryloyl chloride). The polyelectrolytes had -COOH groups on their polymer chains and coluld be dissolved in an aqueous solution at pH 8. The azobenzene chromophores in the side chains acted as photoresponsive sites. In the fabri..

Azobenzene Containing Photodynamic Polymers from Post Azo Coupling Reaction

Azo polymers can be used in a wide range of applications, such as electronics and information technology, due to the cis-trans isomerization of azobenzene groups and corresponding photoresponsive properties. The post-azo coupling reaction is a flexible method to synthesize side chain azo polymers, which simultaneously introduces a differe..

New Polyester Fibers -- Fibers from New Polyesters

A review of technological developments in the polyester fiber sector discusses polybutylene terephthalate(PBT) fibers, polytrimethylene terephthalate(PTT) fibers, polyethylene naphthalate(PEN) fibers, biopolyester fibers, and other biodegradable polyester fibers. Important properties include tenacity, elongation, modulus, melting point, g..

Silver Nanostructures on PEN and PET Films

Two methods prepared polyethylene naphthalate and polyethylene terephthalate films containing silver nanoparticles grafted on their surfaces. Prior to grafting, both films were treated with tris(aminoethylene)amine. The first method involved immersing the films in a dilute solution of silver nitrate and stirring under ultraviolet light fo..

Evolution of Lamellar Structure during Crystallization of a Binary Semicrystalline-Amorphous Blend: Time Resolved and Hot-Stage SPM Study.

Time resolved hot stage scanning probe microscopy (SPM) studied the evolution of lamellar structure during the crystallization of a binary semicrystalline amorphous blend of poly(epsilon-caprolactone) and polyvinyl chloride. Preparation of the blends involved their separate dissolution in tetrahydrofuran, followed by mixing and casting on..

Modified Polyurethanes for Biomedical Applications

A review of literature from the 1990s addressing the degradation of polyurethanes (PURs) in a living body focuses on polyol applied polyesterol, polyetherol, and polycarbonate-diols; environmental stress cracking; metal ion catalyzed and enzyme catalyzed oxidation of PURs; and the relationships of the degradation and mechanical properties..

Polyurethanes 2000 -- The Clock Is Ticking for HCFCs

Presentation at the polyurethanes 2000 conference sponsored by the Alliance for the Polyurethanes Industry focused on maximizing the cost effectiveness of novel systems for manufacturing polyurethane foams without using hydro-chlorofluorcarbon (HCFC) blowing agents. Honeywell's HFC-245fa facilitates the manufacture of foams for building c..