Phenolic resins. Part 6. Identifications of volatile organic molecules during thermal treatment of neat resols and resol filled with glass fibers

The physicochemical characterization of resols before and after cross-linking in the presence and absence of fiberglass was carried out using spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques. Experiments involving gas chromatographic thermodesorption coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) led to the identification of the different volatile or..

Determination of pore size and pore size distribution on the surface of hollow-fiber filtration membranes: A review of methods

Various methods to characterize the pore size and pore size distribution of hollow-fiber porous filtration membranes were reviewed. First, the microscopy observation method, which was the most direct method to characterize the membrane pore structure, was reviewed. Second, the thermoporometry method and a method based on water permeabilit..

Preparation of molecular-sieving glass hollow fiber membranes based on phase separation

Glass hollow fiber membranes with ultra-micropores (pore diameter less than 1nm) were prepared by acid leaching. The effects of various acids and leaching times on the preparation of the membranes were investigated. It was found from acid leaching that the sodium ions of the Al-0 (composition: 62.5SiO₂28.3B₂O₃-9.2Na₂O wt.%) and Al-3 (..

Modified hydrophobic textile product

A hydrophobic textile product which is obtained through graft polymerization of an ethylenically unsaturated organic acid, the textile product characterized by: a graft polymerization rate of about 8 wt% or more; substantially no agglutination of a byproduct polymer from the graft polymerization process; a hygroscopicity of about 2.5 wt% ..

Modified flame-retardant polyester fibres manufactured in Poland

One of the important properties demanded for many textile fabrics is their flame resistance. This requirement concerns a wide variety of fabrics suitable for interior furnishings, especially public service buildings, means of transport, as well as for various technical applications. In order to fulfill these needs, a new process for makin..

The consequences of late outbreaks of the aphid Aphis gossypii in cotton growing in central Africa: Towards a possible method for the prevention of cotton stickiness

'Sticky cotton' causes substantial economic loss in central Africa. The phenomenon is the result of honeydew excreted by sapsucking insects, mainly the aphid Aphis gossypii Glover. The chemical protection currently available to farmers does not limit this type of damage effectively. From exhaustive counting of infested leaves and quantita..

Fibers based on annually renewable resources

Cargill and Dow Chemical have agreed to fund the construction of a commercial scale facility to develop polymers from renewable resources such as corn. These polymers could become a basic raw material for many textile applications, including fibres used in nonwoven hygiene products including diapers. Nature Works PLA is composed of chains..

Melt spinning colored polycondensation polymers

The invention is a method of coloring melt spun condensation polymers while avoiding hydrolytic degradation and maintaining the melt viscosity of the polymer. The method comprises adding a liquid dispersion of a colorant to the melt phase of a condensation polymer, and in which the amount and type of the liquid in the dispersion will not ..

Influence of temperature and chain orientation on the crystallization of poly(ethylene terephthalate) during fast drawing

Three regimes of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) deformation are identified from a detailed analysis of time-resolved wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) data recorded during the mechanical deformation of PET at a wide range of draw rates (0.05-12 s-¹), temperatures (90-120℃) and draw ratios. These are: (ⅰ) where the onset of crystall..

Orientation prior to crystallisation during drawing of poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Wide angle X-ray scattering data have been recorded during the drawing of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) using a wide range of draw rates (0.05-12 s-¹), temperatures (90-120℃) and draw ratios. The data were analysed to follow the development of molecular orientation and the onset of crystallisation. The molecular orientation prior to..