SILK REELING WATER TREATMENT AND ITS IMPORTANCE

Studies on water treatment, specifically with regard to silk reeling, have shown that water characteristics, such as pH and alkalinity, affect the quality of raw silk. The alkalinity of the water affects the amount of time needed to soften the sericin before extracting filaments from the cocoon. Various treatments must be applied to silk ..

PHOTODEGRADATION AND YELLOWING OF SILK

Amino acid composition analysis and electron microscopy were used to study the decomposition of silk fibroin by UV radiation. The extent to which photodegradation occurs depended upon pH factors, where silk having pH levels above eleven and below three was unstable when exposed to light. Silk cocoons were immersed in an aqueous mixture in..

APPLICATION BENEFITS OF TEXTILE AUXILIARIES

The performance, aesthetic, and cost benefits of textile auxiliaries are discussed. The performance benefits include applications to improve the processing characteristics of textile fibers during such dry processing sequences as spinning, warping, sizing, and weaving. Auxiliaries are also used to increase the efficiency of such wet proce..

ANALYSIS OF SLIDE CUTTING OF MANMADE TOWS

A model for calculating the force used in slide cutting of manmade fiber tows was derived. The force was calculated as a function of the cutting speed and the microgeometry of the cutting edge of the knife. Experimental data were used to establish the correctness of this model. A theoretical dependence to explain the frictional properties..

METAL FIBERS

Current trends in the manufacture and application of metal fibers are reviewed. Mechanical processing methods for producing metal fibers and liquid-metal fibers, are presented. Typical applications for metal fibers are listed. 12 refs.

COMPATIBILITY BETWEEN SILICON CARBIDE(SIC)FILAMENTS AND ALUMINUM IN THE POTASSIUM ZIRCONIUM FLUORIDE WETTING PROCESS AND ITS EFFECT ON FILAMENT STRENGTH

The potassium zirconium fluoride process is used to enhance the liquid aluminum wettability of SiC ceramic fibers. The effect of this process on the strength of ceramic fibers was studied on model materials. Groups of 45 uncoated SiC filaments(100 micrometer in diameter)were submitted to three treatments: they were coated with a variable ..

METHODS FOR CHARACTERIZATION OF STRUCTURAL TRANSITIONS OF THE THERMOOXIDATIVE STABILIZATION OF PAN FIBERS

When polyacrylonitrile filaments are stabilized by heat treatment during carbon fiber processing, it gives rise to complex physical and chemical structure transitions in the precursor material. The combined applications of DSC and shrinkage force measurements, IR and 13C-CP/MAS-NMR spectroscopy, as well as wide and small angle X-ray scatt..

KINETICS OF POLYESTER FIBER DISSOLUTION

A theoretical model was developed to describe the kinetics of polyester fiber dissolution in alkaline solutions. The model was based on the surface reaction concept. The rate of dissolution was considered to be proportional to the fiber surface area and the concentration of hydroxyl ions. Weight loss was not a simple linear function of ti..

CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR OF POLYETHYLENE OXIDE IN ITS BLENDS WITH CELLULOSE

Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) was used to examine the melt-crystallization behavior of polyethlylene oxide(PEO) in its blend with cellulose. Solutions of dimethylacete-lithium chloride (followed by coagulation in a nonsolvent) were used to prepare the samples. The Avrami equation was then used to obtain the crystallization isoth..

GREEN FIBER ISSUE

Courtauld's Tencel fiber, which is a cellulosic fiber aimed at the clothing sector, is made by using a production process that is significantly cleaner than traditional cellulosic fiber production methods. Water is the only major effluent resulting from the solvent spinning process, and the fiber itself is free from chemical contamination..