problems in the application of ethanol as fuel for utility vehicles

the use of ethanol as engine fuel from plant-sources is of special interest to petroleum-poor countries with advantageous climatic conditions and sufficient planting-space. no noteworthy difficulties are to be expected in this connection for the operation of otto-type engines. more problematic is the application of ethanol to utility vehi..

calorimetric study of polyester/cotton blend fabrics $em dash$ 1. combustion and effects of partial retardants

a series of polyester/cotton blend fabrics were studied with two isoperibol calorimeters of slightly different design. the measured heat release reached a minimum at the blend containing about 55 cotton, while the rate of heat release decreased linearly from 100 cotton to 20 cotton. the burning of a 100 polyester fabric showed characteris..

photochemically-induced grafting of styrene onto cellulose in the homogeneous styrene/cellulose/d. m. s. o. /hcho system

styrene has been grafted onto cotton cellulose under 'homogeneous' conditions provided by initial methylolation using the cellulose/dmso/hcho system. the attendant homopolymerization reaction has also been examined. both grafting and homopolymerization show a rapid initial rate which appears to level off. the homopolymerization reaction i..

optical probing of magnetoelastic rayleigh waves

magnetoelastic surface waves have been propagated in an epitaxial gd-ga doped yig film using piezoelectric zno layer and interdigital transducers for launching rayleigh waves at 339. 9mhz an in-plane applied magnetic field has been adjusted to obtain the magnetoelastic (me) interaction; in this case the waves become leaky. such an interac..

fluorescent colorants for plastics

there are four major areas where the optical brilliance of daylight fluorescent dyes and pigments have been employed to take full advantage of the striking contrast these colorants have with their surrounding environment. they include $em dash$ (1) packaging $em dash$ a good example of this would be detergent and soap boxes; (2) safety an..

storing cottonseed with propionic acid

propionic acid (ppa) was used to protect the quality of damp cottonseed (19 moisture content) stored in bulk without aeration. at the rate of 1. 5 percent of ppa of the seed weight, seed was stored for six months with the free fatty acid content remaining below the 2-percent level. galvanized sheet-metal storage bins in which the seed was..

aeration requirements for drying green cotton bolls

methods were developed to dry green, unopened bolls by aeration with ambient air. airflow rates and pressure drop characteristics for deep bed drying of green bolls were within the operating range of conventional aeration fans. aeration rates of 36 to 44 cfm per cubic foot of bolls reduced moisture content from 68. 6 percent in about seve..

production of levoglucosan and glucose from pyrolysis of cellulosic materials

results of an experimental study are presented which show that vacuum pyrolysis of cellulose within the temperature range of 300-500 $degree$ c provides a tar fraction containing mainly levoglucosan and glucose condensation products. it was found that pyrolysis proceeds at a much faster rate at the higher temperatures without detrimental ..

determination of toxaphene in milk, butter and meat

toxaphene (camphechlor) is currently one of the most abundantly used organochlorine pesticides with an annual world production in 1970 of 17 million kg. its area of application covers small grains, rice, soyabeans, vegetables, control of cotton insects and the eradication of ticks on livestock. the authors' interest stems from the latter ..

further studies of the fractorgraphy of cotton fibers

the authors' previous work on the fractography of cotton has been extended to include a comparison of cotton varieties, differences between individual fibers of different strength, fracture of mercerized cotton in water, fracture of crosslinked cotton (including tests in water, and at and between reversals), fractures at different tempera..