optics in agriculture

this proceedings contains 26 papers presented in sessions on advances in near infrared; general methods; product quality; animals; and plants. specific topics include measuring small particles in cotton, fiber optic lighting system for plant production; fresh market carrot inspection by machine vision; and image analysis for estimating th..

genetic approaches for developing economic salt-tolerant crops

a wide range of salt tolerance exists in the plant kingdom some species are extreme halophytes and ecologically competitive only under saline conditions. others, the glycophytes, are salt-sensitive plants that grow well under salt-free conditions. this diversity of salt tolerance has evolved over millions of years. for several thousands o..

technological developments in the textile industry

technological developments in the textile industry have been very substantial, particularly over the last three decades, and this paper quantifies and illustrates the impact that these technological developments have made since 1967 on machine and labor productivity, quality, costs, and services. great as these improvements have been, hav..

morphological deformities in cotton

eight types of structural deformities have been identified in cotton fibers by using the sem, and their incidence has been quantified in four varieties grown in india. although the total number of deformities per cm was found to be nearly equal in these four varieties, their number showed a wide spread when structural reversals (which con..

pre-ripening damage to cottonseed by aspergillus flavus is not influenced by seed coat permeability

infection of cottonseed (gossypium hirsutum l.) by aspergillus flavus and associated production of aflatoxins are problems in the arid portions of the united states cotton belt. the hard seed (impermeable to water) characteristic confers resistance to these problems in ripened cottonseed. experiments were done to determine if low seed coa..

process engineering economic evaluation of the ethanol extraction of cottonseed. preliminary analysis

this preliminary analysis was undertaken to determine if the operations being developed for the aqueous ethanol extraction of cottonseed oil are economical and whether further research of this process should be pursued. results of the conversion of hypothetical hexane extraction plants to ethanol extraction, in the plant capacity range of..

topical treatment of weathered cottons for better processing

the treatment of weathered cotton with various lubricants has enabled easier processing of such cottons. although a number of commercial lubricant finishes were effective in improving the processing of rain damaged cotton, several were found to perform better than others under the conditions employed. three lubricants, two commercial sili..

farm location and farmers' performance on the hamza minor canal

a sample of 36 tenant farmers, at varying locations along the hamza minor canal of the sudan gezira scheme, were surveyed in 1986/7, the purpose being to estimate locational variation in irrigation water supplies and tenancy income levels. results show that for the main crop, cotton, there are declines in water balance, crop yields and ne..

lateral migration control during drying using methyl cellulose

a method developed previously was used to quantitatively assess lateral migration during controlled drying. methyl cellulose in aqueous solution, which has a unique property of forming a gel when heated, was used to control lateral agent migration during drying of knitted cotton fabrics impregnated with crosslinking reagents. during dryin..

root growth and water extraction patterns from a calcic horizon

there is considerable uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of calcic horizons in supplying water to plants. we conducted a field experiment on acuff fine sandy loam (fine-loamy, mixed, thermic aridic paleustoll) that contained a calcic horizon starting at 0.65- to 1.30-m depth. sunflower (helianthus annuus l. 'gro-agri 380'), kochia (k..