enzymes in the tannery - catalysts for progress?

although current enzyme technology is still primarily dependent upon proteolytic enzymes, better characterization and more sensitive methods of control can provide the basis for using these products more selectively during soaking and bating. there is now also the opportunity of using selected proteases during chemical unhairing/ liming t..

preparation of chitosan and modified chitosan membranes for ultrafiltration and dialysis and determination of membrane properties

chitosan and modified chitosan membranes for ultrafiltration and dialysis were prepared by the casting method with various acids as the salt-forming agents. sulfamic acid and glutamic acid, as well as some monocarboxylic acids, were found to be excellent salt-forming agents. to improve the solvent-resistant properties of the chitosan memb..

hydrolysis of triglycerides by immobilized lipase in a hydrophilic membrane reactor

in the present article a method is described to immobilize lipase from candida rugosa on a hollow fiber membrane, and the use of such a system for the hydrolysis of lipids is reported. the membranes were enka hydrophilic cuprophan-type hollow fibers, having a large specific surface area. the immobilized lipase exhibited a high stability: ..

simultaneous ultrafiltration and affinity sorptive separation of proteins in a hollow fiber membrane module

a protein separation scheme combining affinity or ion exchange sorption with hollow fiber cross-flow filtration is described sorptive gel particles were loaded into the shell side of a hollow fiber membrane module. in the adsorption step, crude protein mixtures were passed through the lumen and permeating proteins passed through the membr..

optimization of a polypyrrole glucose oxidase biosensor

an amperometric glucose biosensor was fabricated by the electrochemical polymerization of pyrrole onto a platinum electrode in the presence of the enzyme glucose oxidase in a kcl solution at a potential of $plus$ 0.65 v versus sce. the enzyme was entrapped into the polypyrrole film during the electropolymerization process glucose response..

fibers as supports for catalysts. a survey of the literature

the literature on the use of fibers as supports for catalysts has been reviewed. in the past ten to fifteen years, considerable research has been conducted on the use of both organic and inorganic fibrous catalyst supports. much work has been done recently on the immobilization of enzymes by porous solid fibers and by hollow fibers. fibro..

effect of surface-limited reactions on the properties of kevlar fibers

aromatic diamides have been investigated as models for aramid fibers to select reagents and conditions suitable for surface-controlled heterogeneous reactions on kevlar filaments reactions have been done on kevlar fibers to introduce functional groups designed to interact with matrix resins and improve adhesion in fiber reinforced composi..

macromolecular release from collagen monolithic devices

collagen monolithic devices varying in crosslinking density, collagen structure, and crosslinker were fabricated. proteolytic enzymes did not degrade the collagen devices; the degradation rate with collagenase was dependent on collagen structure, crosslinker, crosslinking density, and enzyme concentration. in vivo biocompatibility, degrad..

blood compatibility of peo grafted polyurethane and hema/styrene block copolymer surfaces

hema/styrene (hema/sty) block copolymers and poly(ethylene oxide) 4,000 m.w. (peo4k) grafted biomer (b-peo4k) surfaces have been synthesized, characterized, and evaluated as blood-contacting materials. these surfaces have demonstrated improved blood compatibility, compared to biomer, in in vitro and ex vivo experiments. biomer vascular gr..

mechanism of photoresist resolution improvement by pre-exposure treatment

in the lithography for fabrication of ultra-large scale integrated circuits (ulsi), positive photoresists are used in combination with stepper. one of the methods for improving pattern profile of a positive photoresist is pre-exposure treatment. this paper discusses an insoluble layer which forms on the photoresist surface by pre-exposure..