synthesis and properties of new cationic surfactants

new pyrimidinium cationic surfactants containing a positively charged nitrogen atom of the pyrimidine ring and a long-chain alkyl group of 6,8,10,12,14 carbon atoms were prepared. the structural assignment of these compounds was made on the basis of the elemental analysis and spectroscopic data, infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance and ma..

development of correlations among the spectral, structural, and electrical properties and chemical treatment of egyptian cotton fabric strips

several samples of native (untreated), mercerized (prior to ammonia treatment), and ammonia-treated egyptian cotton fabric strips have been prepared. on these cotton samples several measurements were carried out, comprising cu k $alpha$ x-ray diffraction analysis, infrared absorption spectra, and the temperature dependence of the dc elect..

effects of builder addition on characteristics of aqueous systems containing surfactant and other ingredients of detergent formulations

the builders tested were: pentasodium triphosphate, trisodium nitrilotriacetate, trisodium citrate, and tris(triethanolammonium) citrate. the characteristics measured were: stability in hard water, foaming power, wetting power for raw cotton cloth, soil removal efficiency, and redeposition effects. the results of the preliminary explorato..

graft copolymerization with new class of acidic peroxo salts as initiators. i. grafting of acrylamide onto cotton-cellulose using potassium monopersulfate, catalyzed by co(ii)

graft copolymerization of acrylamide (am) onto cotton-cellulose has been studied using a new class of acidic peroxo-salt 'potassium monopersulfate' as initiator catalyzed by co(ii). it is observed that the graft yield is influenced by the reaction time, temperature, and concentrations of the monomer, catalyst, initiator, at fixed weight o..

influence of prolonged storage on formaldehyde liberation from durable press textiles

liberated formaldehyde from durable press cotton textiles has been found to originate from several sources within a finish different formaldehyde sources release differing degrees of formaldehyde. changes in formaldehyde release (aatcc-112 test), steady-state (or residual) formaldehyde, and formaldehyde transport levels in both washed and..

moteur diesel alimente en huiles vegetales d'origine tropicale comparaison des performances et des emissions a l'echappement dans une application groupe electrogene. $left bracket$ tropical vegetable oils as diesel engine fuels: comparison of efficienci

the use of cotton seed oil and coconut oil as alternative fuel for diesel engine of an electric power plant has been tested. we have studied performances and exhaust emissions, which are the same for the three fuels tested, with a light increase of efficiency. the pah production, assumed to be precursors of soot and dangerous pollutants i..

effects of electrostatic charging and vertical air current on deposition of pesticide on cotton plant canopy

the objectives of this study were to investigate the influence of electrostatic force and vertical air current to carry pesticide deposits, obtained by cone, fan and disc type nozzles, on the cotton plant canopy. the pesticide deposit quantities and the relative deposition rates were determined and compared between different application t..

wastewater reuse project produces impressive crop yields

in its first full year of operation, a wastewater treatment and reuse project financed by the city of midland, tex. , produced yields of wheat, cotton, and other crops that far exceed average area yields. the project provides total and continuous application of primary treated effluent from the midland wastewater treatment plant to irriga..

detergency study: distribution of natural soils on shirt collars

collar soil on woven fabrics was studied in order to characterize the distribution of residual natural soils on fibers scanning electron micrographs of longitudinal yarns and cross sections revealed a high degree of soil variability. the particulate soil was not homogeneously deposited in interfiber spaces and on fiber surfaces. particle ..

biodegradation of carbofuran in pretreated and non-pretreated soils

carbofuran is a broad spectrum insecticide which is effective against soil insects in corn, rice, sugar cane, peanuts, cotton and pests on potatoes. decreased effectiveness of insect control in soils treated with carbofuran was observed after soils had been treated for a number of years. the objective of these experiments was to study the..