effect of fiber treatment on the mechanical properties of hybrid fiber-reinforced polystyrene composites' 1. use of mica and wood pulp as hybrid filler

the feasibility of mixing hardwood aspen pulp (chemi-thermomechanical pulp (ctmp)) and surface-treated mica as the hybrid reinforcing filler for polystyrene composites has been investigated by evaluating the mechanical properties of the resulting composite materials. compatibility of wood fiber and polystyrene, as well as mica, was improv..

supercritical fluid technology in the processing and analysis of composite materials

recent work has shown that highly automated supercritical fluid (sf) instrumentation may be used to develop new carbon fiber/fabric coating processes, as well as to provide on-line characterization information. solubilization of thermoplastic oligomers in sf liquid carbon dioxide is followed by controlled depressurization onto selected fi..

industrial microwave heating

the author outlines the methods of installing industrial microwave heating equipment and those of defining what is to be used. he also gives some examples of the many types of microwave heating used and some actual installations existing. originally developed for radar by 1946, some other applications had been discovered. these were follo..

processing of inp and related compounds at nanometer dimensions

processes for the fabrication of nanometer-scale geometries in inp and related materials are discussed. special emphasis is directed to pattern transfer using reactive ion etching in methane-hydrogen plasmas. using these processes, 70 nm-period gratings etched 900 nm deep in inp resulting in an aspect ratio of 25 is demonstrated. it is sh..

whispering-gallery mirrors' fabrication tolerances and the effects of surface imperfections

like all short-wavelength optics, whispering-gallery mirrors that are intended for use with soft x rays require a high-quality surface finish. a coupled-mode description of scatter in whispering-gallery mirrors provides a convenient way of understanding the effects of surface imperfections and of establishing fabrication tolerances. diffe..

physical, chemical, and structural modifications to thin-film cuinse/sub 2/-based photovoltaic devices

two approaches to the modification and improvement of cuinse/sub 2/-based photovoltaic devices are investigated. the incorporation of wide gap cuinse/sub 2/-based alloys at the interface is discussed. the results are inconclusive, but suggest that the choice of alloy systems is critical. the growth of enhanced-grain thin-film cuinse/sub 2..

comparison of bipolar npn polysilicon emitter interface formation at three different manufacturing sites

the formation of polysilicon emitters at three different fabrication facilities is examined with a view to understanding critical manufacturing steps. this work demonstrates the effects of different interface procedures on the formation of the native oxide interfaces and how the transistor electrical properties are affected. the sensitivi..

the fabrication and electrical properties of modulated stacked capacitor for advanced dram applications

a capacitor structure, called the modulated stacked (most) capacitor, has been developed to increase the dram cell capacitance using surface modulation technology. the hemispherical-shaped polysilicon deposited on top of a thick polysilicon storage electrode is used as a mask to selectively form a deep groove in the electrode, hence signi..

preoxidation si cleaning and its impact on metal oxide semiconductor characteristics

sio/sub 2//si interfaces with minimal defect densities will be required for the proper functioning of field effect transistors (fet) and device isolation schemes in future semiconductor technology. control of the wafer surface contamination will become critical to meet semiconductor device yield and reliability goals future processing str..

transfer of biologically derived nanometer-scale patterns to smooth substrates

atomic force microscopy has been used to measure the surface profile of a periodic array of 10-nanometer (nm)-diameter holes fabricated by fast-atom beam milling of a smooth graphite surface in which a 3.5 nm-thick titanium oxide screen was used as a mask. the nanostructured titanium oxide mask was itself derived from a protein crystal te..