Kermel - A Third Generation Aramid Fiber for Thermal Protective Clothing.

Rhone-Poulenc and Amoco developed an improved polyamide/imide fiber called Kermel for uses in fire protective clothing. Kermel fabrics are nonflammable. Their limiting oxygen index is 32. Resistance to carbonization is good. No. carbonization occurs at 250 degrees centigrade. At 350 degrees centigrade, carbonization takes 8 minutes. Even ..

VALVES - NEW MATERIALS TAKE THE STAGE.

Valves and actuators made from plastics and acdvanced composite materials are replacing valves made from stainless steel, alloys, titanium, and other exotics due to their inherent corrosion resistance, reduced weight, and lower cost. Applications for nonmetal valves and actuators include steel mills, pulp and paper plants, wastewater trea..

PUMPS, PIPES, AND VALVES.

Pipes, pumps, and valves are critical components in pollution control systems. Optimal selection is necessary for safe and efficient operations. Selection depends on the composition of the fluid, the stresses to which the system is subjected, and the placement of the system. Pumps move liquid through the system by one of four operating ch..

ROOF COOLING SYSTEMS OFFER INDUSTRY BIG SAVINGS.

Roof cooling systems are capable of significantly decreasing the investment and operating costs of a plant's air conditioning system. The principle on which these systems are based is the absorption of heat energy by water as it evaporates. Water is able to absorb over 10 times the amount of heat that R-22 refrigerant is able to absorb. T..

RELATIVE HUMIDITY (RH) FACTOR.

RH is the most commonly overlooked factor in air conditioning systems. If RH is maintained within an acceptable range, problems stemming from fungus and mold are minimal, viruses and bacteria die soon after entering the building, workers are more comfortable, and energy costs are lower. Proper humidity control can increase employee produc..

MATHEMATICAL STUDIES IN PSYCHROMETRY AND APPLICATIONS FOR TEXTILE MILL AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS.

A review of psychrometric parameters and their influence on operating conditions in textile mills focuses on a series of mathematical models developed at ATIRA that are used to program microprocessor controlled air conditioning and humidification systems. The parameters include vapor tension, absolute humidity, relative humidity speciffic..

TIPS FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION IN THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY.

The basic strategies for achieving energy conservation in the Indian textile industry are decreaseing energy waste and increasing the efficiency of energy use. Among the many causes for wasting energy are leaks, inadequate insulation, partial loads, inadequate maintenance, suboptimal pipe dimensions, and inadequate lighting. The major fue..

CALCULATE THE HEAT LOSS FROM PIPES.

In piped fluid systems, properties of the fluids inside and outside the pipe govern the heat loss dynamics of the system. If the pipe wall temperature is not unusually high, most of the heat loss in through convenction. A four step Hilpert correlation determines the rate of thermal dissipation per unit length, which in turn permits quanti..

Determination of Ethylene Oxide (EO) Content in n-Alcohol Ethyoxylates by Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (p-NMR) Spectroscopy.

Researchers used p-NMR spectroscopy to quantitatively determine the dispribution of EO oligomer adducts in n-alcohol ethoxylates. The researchers added one drop of n-alcohol ethoxylate to a NMR tube containing 0.5 millimiter of deuterated chloroform. Key parameters for the proton scan were: time domain, 16k; number of scans, 16; proton pu..

Wrapping for Cotton which Does not Contaminate the Bale.

Herbert J. Wright has developed a warp knit cotton covering material that ca be used to wrap cotton bales without contaminating the cotton. The coverin gmaterial is air permeable and allows the raw cotton to breathe, which minimizes the danger of mildew within the bale. The material is made of open end spun cotton yarns, should be suffici..