Analysis of the Surface Chemistry of Linen and Cotton Fabrics

Raw cotton and flax fibers and fabrics contain noncellulosic components such as waxes, pectins, proteins, and hemicelluloses, and major parts of these components are located on the outer surfaces of the fibers. In this work, the surface chemistry of cotton and linen fabrics is analyzed with Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis (ESC..

Crosslinking of Cotton Cellulose with Pre-reacted DMDMDHEU-AA. Part II: Reaction Kinetics

Dimethyldimethyloldihydroxylethyleneurea (DMDMDHEU) and pre-reacted dimethyldimethyloldihydroxylethyleneurea and acrylic acid (DMDMDHEU-AA) are used to study the specific rate constant and other activation parameters. At 100°C, the rate constants (k) for DMDMDHEU-AA crosslinking agents are higher than that for the DMDMDHEU, and those for ..

Cotton Maturity and Its Influence on Nep Formation

The nep number in yarn depends on both the nep number in the raw material and changes in the number and size of neps in the spinning process. Therefore, the two problems need to be analyzed separately. The first problem consists of testing the value changes of some cotton parameters on different processing stages, which influence the appe..

Deformation Processes in Regenerated Cellulose Fibers

Molecular deformation processes of regenerated cellulose fibers are investigated using Raman spectroscopy. These fibers have well-defined Raman spectra, and the main Raman bands in the region of 895 to 1170 cm-1 shift to lower wavenumbers upon application of tensile strain and stress. The peak positions of the Raman bands at 895 and 1095 ..

Manipulating Fiber Structure to Stabilize Geometry in Fibers and Yams

Single-filament crimp within a carpet tuft is its geometric feature most responsible for body in cut-pile saxony carpet. Yam twist within the tuft is most responsible for imparting wear. Crimp setting factors can be manipulated to influence either the amount of crimp or its permanence, but not without consequences: factors impacting crimp..

Intelligent Animal Fiber Classification with Artificial Neural Networks

Artificial neural networks (ANN) are increasingly used to solve many problems related to pattern recognition and object classification. In this paper, we report on a study using artificial neural networks to classify two kinds of animal fibers: merino and mohair. We have developed two different models, one extracting nine scale parameters..

Effect of Slipping Yarn Friction on Stress Concentration Near Yarn Breaks in Woven Fabrics

The assumption of a constant friction force (simple slip assumption) on broken slipping yarns, which has been used in the micromechanical analysis of damage growth in stressed plain weave fabrics, is evaluated. In this analysis, the frictional traction on slipping yarns is variable. It starts from zero at the cut end of the yarn and appro..

Moisture Accumulation in Sleeping Bags at Subzero Temperatures—Effect of Semipermeable and Impermeable Covers

Because subzero temperatures are expected to affect the vapor resistance of micro porous membranes, the effect of using semipermeable and impermeable rain covers for sleeping bags on moisture accumulation in the bags during 6 days of use at -7°C is investigated. Moisture accumulation is related to the vapor resistance of the materials. Th..

Thermal Analysis and Differential Solubility of Polyester Fibers and Yarns

The differential sdlubility and thermal analysis of three kinds of polyester fibers designed for rotor, worsted ring, and carded ring spinning are measured. Poly(ethylene terephthalate) yarns are obtained through the three processes and then analyzed. Using a thermomechanical analyzer, the thermal transitions of the different yarn types a..

Electrical Properties of Laminates Made from a New Fabric with PP/Stainless Steel Commingled Yarn

A new rotor-wrapping-twister is used to produce new yarns comprising stainless steel filaments, polypropylene nonwoven tapes, and reinforcing filaments. Rapier looms are used to weave commingled fabrics from these yams. The electrical properties of thermo plastic commingled laminates are investigated for the commingled fabrics and for lam..