recent improvements in amos solar cells

several improvements in amos cell fabrication processes have been developed. these improvements consist of a new chemical surface preparation, a new form of oxide layer and a better antireflecting coating. it was found that amos cells with the chemical surface treatment nhh (nh/sub 4/oh'h/sub 2/o/sub 2/'h/sub 2/o=1'1'10) and shh (h/sub 2/..

cleaning of gap surface by forming oxide film. (electron emitter fabrication)

forming an oxide film on gap crystal was found effective for removing carbon contaminants from its surface by heating in an ultra high vacuum. aes signal from the carbon on the gap surface with the oxide film disappeared by heating at 630 degreesc. the clean surface thus obtained showed clear leed patterns which were composed of the super..

semiconducting detectors of alpha-particles fabricated by ion implantation

the low-energy ion implantation method (e=3 to 5 kev) of boron and phosphorus in p- and n-type silicon (rho=1000-2500 omega cm) is used in conjunction with appropriate methods for mechanical and chemical surface treatments of the materials to fabricate semiconducting detectors for alpha-particle spectrometers high-quality p-n junctions wi..

simulation of the surface membrane of true slime mold physarum polycephalum by using a liquid ion-exchange membrane

it was demonstrated that a liquid ion-exchange membrane (magnesium oleate+1-decanol) simulated the electrochemical features of the surface membrane of true slime mold physarum polycephalum which were closely related to its recognition process. the features simulated were (1) initial (deltae/deltalogc) values were ca. 20 mv irrespective of..

durability and structure of electroplated plastics

the physical properties of the moulded plastic strongly influence the strength of the electroplated structure because fracture often occurs in the plastic. the chemical nature and structure of the plastic determine whether surface treatments can lead to a durable bond to the subsequently deposited metal. the differences in the physical pr..

the karlsruhe-cern superconducting rf separator

in december 1977 the superconducting rf separator developed and constructed at kfk, karlsruhe was operated for the first time in a counter beam at cern. the separator uses two disk loaded niobium deflectors of 2.74 m length with 104 cells which are operated in a pi/2-mode at 2865 mhz. it is connected to the large 300 w refrigerator of cer..

analytical determination of the removal error during the programmed aspherizing of optical surfaces using a small tool

the effect of the tool size on the accuracy with which the program is followed during programmed aspherizing of optical surfaces is examined. an expression for the dependence of the error on tool size is derived by means of a fourier expansion, and the results of a calculation of the error in the fabrication of a parabola are presented fo..

cleaning clean room garments

the greatest single source of contamination in the clean room is the operator. 100000 contaminating particles/minute of 0.3 microns can be emitted from a person at rest: this increases to approximately 1000000 particles/minute with average movement. it is esential for operators to wear an impermeable garment which is discarded and cleaned..

irradiation performance of pu-containing coated-particle fuels

as a test for potential incorporation of plutonium in gas-cooled reactors, a plutonium test element, designated fte-13, was fabricated and irradiated in the peach bottom reactor. the fuel consisted of microspheres of puo/sub 2-x/ and pu/sub 0.25/th/sub 0.75/o/sub 2-x/ coated with pyrolytic carbon and silicon carbide layers in a design com..

insulation systems and winding technique for large coils in fusion experiments

glass fabrics, vacuum impregnated with epoxy resin, are insulation materials with excellent behaviour under mechanical stress. films of organic materials such as kapton can ameliorate the dielectric properties of this insulation. a large number of samples with different surface treatments and insulation compositions were tested in order t..