chemical modification for nanolithography using scanning tunneling microscopy

the key processes needed to push scanning tunneling microscopy (stm) nanolithography (surface modification by stm) into the realm of ordinary semiconductor processes (electron-beam and photolithography) are examined. complicated nanofeatures are successfully fabricated on an inorganic resist (ag-se film), implying the potential possibilit..

room-temperature strength of beta -sialon (z=2) fabricated from alpha -si/sub 3/n/sub 4/, aln and aluminium isopropoxide solution

the authors describe the bending strength of single-phase beta -sialon with z=2 fabricated from a spray-dried mixture of si/sub 3/n/sub 4/, aln and al(oi-pr)/sub 3/ solution. the bending strength of as-ground specimens was approximately 730 mn m/sup -2/. the strength of specimens after heat-treatment at 1200 degrees c for 2 h in air incre..

silicon carbide as a new micromechanics material

silicon carbide (sic) is studied as a material for micromechanics because of its high-temperature microelectronics capabilities and excellent mechanical properties. fabrication of epitaxial 3c-sic microstructures by bulk micromachining of the underlying silicon substrate and amorphous sic microstructures by surface micromachining is inves..

the cleaning of printed circuit boards

the author reviews the complex of problems in ridding printed circuit boards of residues of soldering flux which have arisen through the introduction of surface mounting, commonly with components on both surfaces of the board, the increasing size and reduced pin centres of integrated circuits, accompanied by fine pitch technology and aggr..

tensile strength of plated glass optical fibers

a plating procedure was developed to deposit ni-p, nickel and gold on an optical glass fiber. the surface treatment and the plating parameters were optimized to obtain good metal-to-glass adhesion. results indicate that adhesion is essentially determined by the number of chemical groups created on the carbon layer during the oxidation tre..

cloning precision microminiature parts

the cim (ceramic injection moulding) process gives today's designers of small parts a new, cost-effective, high-volume fabrication method to form an extremely hard, high-temperature- and wear-resistant material into complex shapes. this can often be done without time-consuming secondary finishing operations, and with dimensional repeatabi..

improved inhibit patterning of yba/sub 2/cu/sub 3/o/sub 7/ thin films

the authors present an improved reaction patterning technique to fabricate very stable thin film devices of ybacuo on various substrates. their approach includes in situ patterning and completely avoids the contact between ybacuo superconductor and chemical or physical etchants. very thin, high quality ybacuo structures are grown on ridge..

overall characterization of isfet-based glucose biosensor

two types of glucose-sensitive enzyme field-effect transistor (enfet) with glucose oxidase immobilized in polyacrylamide gel (paag) and by crosslinking with bovine serum albumin (bsa) have been investigated. these enfets with biomembranes demonstrate remarkable versatility in their properties and it is possible to fabricate sensors with t..

fabrication of a band pass filter using graphite/aluminum metal matrix composite

the use of graphite/aluminum metal matrix composite for microwave electronics packaging has been investigated. to demonstrate the capabilities of this material, a function-mode cavity band pass filter was designed, fabricated, assembled, and tested. results have been excellent, showing that the material can be easily machined and silver p..

f-o displacement sensors for dynamic measurements

reflective-type fiber-optic displacement sensors have demonstrated their usefulness in measuring reciprocating and rotating target motion, detecting surface finish, and profiling surface characteristics and thickness. these devices can provide extremely stable, highly repeatable linear displacement measurements with sub-microinch accuracy..