Reasons for and background to a critical development: Growing problems with fixing - due to fashion? (Ggerman) (Grunde und hintergrunde einer kritischen entwicklung: Wachsende probleme beim fixieren - modisch bedingt?)

The Institut fur Nahtechnik e. V. Aachen has calculated that 64% of problems with fixing, particularly with fashionable fabrics, consist in a poor surface effect, wrinkling or bubbling. Many fixing defects are avoidable. The great variety of modern fabrics with different structures and finishes presents ever more problems with fixing. It ..

Take a stand on testing

Computerised colour management was strongly represented at ITMA '99 in Paris. All the main companies had new software and hardware for measuring, matching and communicating colour. Exhibitors in this sector included Datacolor International, GretagMacbeth, X-Rite, HunterLab, Tecnorama, Roaches International, Mathis, SDL International and J..

Chemistry and Transport in Super and Sub Critical Fluids.

Researchers investigated the use of subcritical fluids (water and carbon dioxide) as transport and reaction media to develop environmentally friendly chemical process technology. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and thin layer chromatography confirmed the synthesis of the necessary reactive compound. Supercritic..

Pushing efficiency to the limit

Fabric dyeing exhibitors at ITMA '99 focused on how to get more and better quality production in less time from less water, chemicals and energy. Innovative machines were on show from These, Then, Scholl, MCS, Sclovos, Brazzoli, Gaston County, Babcock, Monforts and Kusters. Many have clear environmental benefits.

Dyeing and the Environment

European dye manufacturers are developing comprehensive waste disposal strategies that seek to avoid or minimize waste via the use of synthetic methods and novel technologies, utilize waste for such novel applications as solvent recycling, build ecologically friendly waste disposal into the end of the production chain, increase the care a..

Mixed Fibers

Nippon Kayaku Company Limited introduced two classes of dyes for mixed fibers. The Kayalon React group of reactive dyes does not require alkali and performs well at high temperatures and at neutral pH. Kayacryl ED disperse cationic dyes can be used in a single phase in one vat, with obvious advantages in terms of time and handling. Kayacr..

Dyestuffs with Improved Affinity--Anionic Dyes Containing Cyclic lmids Systems: An Update

Such cyclic imides as phthalimide, benzimidazole, quinoxalinedione, and phthalazinedone form intermolecular hydrogen bonds that facilitate high thermal stability and low solubility. Using these groups in soluble dyes can improve dye affinity via the aggregation of dyes in solution and on the fiber. Some researchers claim that excessive ag..

Soft Computing and Molecular Modeling in Chemical Design

Fuzzy logic entropies integrated with computational neural networks investigated molecular modeling for chemical design of state-of-the-art nontoxic dyes. Molecular modeling techniques generated databases of the molecular properties of azo dyes. Mathematical models used fuzzy entropy suggested by Kosko and fuzzy operations developed by Do..

Controlling Shade in Continuous Finishing Plants

The factors that affect shade control in continuous processing operations include type of substrate, fabric preparation, dye preparation, dye application, and finishing. Substrate parameters that affect shade include fiber content, yarn type, fabrics formation, chemical processing aids, and substrate age and storage conditions. Every blen..

New Ways in Narrow Fabric Dyeing

MAGEBA's single end dyeing machines operate at speeds of up to 30 meters per minute. The single tape spiral feeder and guiding system in the fixation cabinet holds 120 meters of tape. Single end dyeing machines save water and energy because the machines run longer on the same shade and the wash baths do not need refilling as often. The wa..