WASTEWATER TREATMENT -- THE NEW FRONTIER.

Due to fashion trends, jeans manufacturers have had to use increasingly sophisticated treatments in such finishing procedures as acid-washing, stone-washing, and white-washing. These processes yield contaminants that have forced manufacturers to re-evaluate and re-design their wastewater treatment systems. Some pollutants found in the wat..

UNFIXED DYE REMOVAL BY SPRAY VACUUM WASHING METHOD.

TVE's Spray/Vacuum system removes unfixed dye and lint from textiles by passing water through the fabric. Each TVE wash box removes 15 to 45 percent of such extractable contaminants as dye, lint, size, oils, and chemicals. The TVE spray/vacuum module consists of a set of spray nozzles and a vacuum slot that extracts the water and contamin..

AUTOMATION IN COLOR KITCHENS.

Lawer makes equipment for the automation of color kitchens. The Rotary Store is an automated system for storing and retrieving powder-dye drums, which ensures clean and hygienic conditions. Rotocolor is a system for the automated weighing of powder, grain, or micropearl dyestuffs. DST-COL is a system for dissolving powder, grain, or micro..

SAVING DYESTUFFS WITH THE AID OF PROCESS AUTOMATION SYSTEMS.

Kuester makes equipment for monitoring and controlling liquor consumption during pad mangle dyeing of cellulose and cellulose/synthetic blends. The Kuester system calculates color preparation parameters from batch weight and fabric liquor uptake. During dyeing processes, liquor uptake, fabric weight, and batch length are continuously moni..

DUALJET.

Mezerra's Dualjet is a high-temperature dyeing machine with a low liquor ratio. It is recommended for dyeing delicate knit or woven fabrics in rope form. The Dualjet has two hydraulic transport systems: Venturi-tube jet nozzles and overflow nozzles. These systems can be used separately or in conjunction with one another, depending on the ..

DELIFLUX MODEL SDF -- A NEW CONCEPTION.

Mezzera, and Italian textile machine manufacturer, has developed the Deliflux SDF overflow dyeing machine for woven and knit silk. Overflow dyeing assures minimal agitation of the fabric to eliminate dyeing defects, such as creasing. Modifications to the dragging reel, which is located immediately above the level of the liquid, result in ..

DYEING OF ALKALIZED POLYESTER FIBERS AND POLYESTER MICROFIBERS.

Alkalized polyester fibers and polyester microfibers are very fine fibers that give fabrics a soft and flowing hand, a silky appearance, and a low weight. Because of their high specific surface area, the dyeing properties of these two fibers are very similar. Procedures for dyeing alkalized polyester fibers and polyester microfibers are d..

RESIN-ASSISTED FIXATION OF A REACTIVE DYE ONTO COTTON FABRIC AND ITS EFFECT ON FABRIC PROPERTIES.

A monochlorotriazine reactive dye and phenol:formaldehyde and urea:formaldehyde resin system in the presence of acid-liberating salts were applied to cotton fabric. Tests indicated that adequate dye retension and good crease recovery properties were attained when the phenol:formaldehyde ratio was 70:30 and the urea:formaldehyde ratio was ..

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DYESTUFF SELECTION AND GARMENT PERFORMANCE.

Dyes applied to 100 percent cotton garments are examined. Different dye types--fiber-reactive, direct, sulfur, naphthol, vat, and indigo dyes--and their typical performance characteristics are reviewed with regard to colorfastness and operating costs. These dyes can be identified by four chemical tests: oxidation, reduction, hypo-chlorite..

DMDHEU IN APPLICATION OF REACTANT FIXABLE DYES TO COTTON.

Reactant fixable dyes can be applied to cotton fabric by exhaust or pad-batch processes, followed by fixation with a proprietary polyvalent crosslinker. DMDHEU was used to replace, either wholly or in part, the proprietary agent. Indosol Blue SF-GL 370 percent and Indosol Rubinole SF-R 180 percent from Sandoz were used in varying combinat..