photodegradation of reactive dyed cotton

five trichloropyrimidinyl reactive dyes were applied to cotton fabric and exposed to light in a xenon arc fade-ometer. compared to an undyed control, the dyes were found to affect the rate of photodegradation of the cotton substrate significantly, as determined by breaking strength measurements and copper number. 28 refs

simultaneous dyeing and finishing of cottons. part i: factors affecting the one-step process

simultaneous dyeing and finishing of cotton fabrics with an acid dyestuff and bi- and tetra-functional methylol finishing agents using an acid catalyst were carried out. the optimum conditions, including type and concentration of finishing agent, dye concentration, type and concentration of catalyst and the mode of reaction between dyestu..

effect of gamma irradiation on reactive dyes on cotton

samples of cotton fabric were irradiated by gamma rays for different periods before or after dyeing with reactive dyes. four reactive dyes of known structure were used to study the effect of irradiation, before or after dyeing, on the wet fastness, extraction with boiling sodium hydroxide, and extraction with boiling dimethylformamide. al..

jet dyeing keys move to top-quality apparel knits

cleveland mills, lawndale, n. c. , is a leading supplier of dyed and finished polyester-cotton circular knit fabrics. cleveland uses disperse dyes for the polyester component and directs or fiber reactives for the cotton portion of the blend. dyeing takes place at 260 f maximum temperature with a minimum of chemical assistants in the bath..

recent developments in textile dyeing

the objects of the development of improved systems of the application of dyes are considered to include the production of improvements in the dyed substrate with regard to leveling, penetration, hue and fastness, reproducibility, reduction in redyes and cost savings in energy, water, processing time, labor and materials - all of which are..

effective lint removal with vacuum

e-vac, inc. recently began an in-plant study into the benefits of lint removal by vaccum and its affect on printing and other subsequent process steps. for years the presence of lint in textile wet processing has been a concern to dyers and finishers around the world. any solution to this problem has been difficult and unpredictable, lowe..

colour difference analysis of lightfastness for some direct dyes

seventeen direct dyes from a commercial source were used for dyeing cotton fabrics. the lightfastness of these dyed samples was measured by two methods namely by the blue scale method and by color difference analysis. from the results obtained, it was noted that the color difference method is more definitive and truly measures the degree ..

dye coverage of immature cotton can be a problem

light spots in dyed cotton fabrics can be caused by immature cotton. the spots can occur when clumps of immature fiber have reduced dye affinity. they can be caused when the flattening of the clumps during processing result in the formation of small, highly reflective surfaces. or they can be caused by poor dye penetration that leaves und..

equilibrium studies for the adsorption of dyestuffs from aqueous solutions by low-cost materials

a number of low-cost materials (teakwood bark, ricehusk, coal, bentonite clay, hair and cotton waste) have been used as adsorbents for dyestuffs in aqueous solutions. four red and four blue dyes have been studied; each color group consisted of an acidic, a basic, a disperse and a direct dye. the equilibrium isotherm for each dye-absorbent..

tekstiilivariaineet. $left bracket$ textile dyes $right bracket$

this article briefly describes the history, production, chemical structures, chromophoric nature, classification and applications of the synthetic dyestuffs used in textile dyeing. the principles of dyeing and the chemical compositions of direct dyes, acid dyes, mordant dyes, basic dyes, dyes developed on the fiber, vat dyes, dyes develop..