cotton yarn and fabric finishing wastewater treatment using an anaerobic expanded bed reactor

wastewater from cotton yarn and fabric finishing was treated in an anaerobic expanded bed reactor at 35 $degree$ c up to a cod loading of 0.63 kg/m**3 day. the cod removal varied from 50 to 87 and the production of biogas was 0.06-0.35 litre/g cod removed or 0.015-0.040 vol./vol./day, having 70-80 ch//4. at higher cod loading biogas produ..

new detergent mechanism using cellulase revealed by change in physicochemical properties of cellulose

sebum in naturally soiled cotton undershirt and oleic acid in artificially soiled cotton cloth, which entered interfiber space in the interior of cotton fibers were easily removed by alkaline cellulase from bacillus sp., but only with difficulty by commonly used detergent ingredients such as surfactant and protease adsorption isotherms an..

studies on the addition of reactive compounds to the dye-bath of non-reactive dyes. part iv. a novel method for dyeing polyester/cotton blends

cotton/polyester blends can be dyed with varying degrees of success by disperse-type dyes containing free amino groups and 2, 4-dichloro-6-(4-sulphoanilino)-s-triazine under different experimental conditions. it is shown that the cotton component of the blend is dyed in this case with a reactive dye formed in situ (author abstract) 16 ref

technological peculiarities of alkaline crimping of cotton fabric by the resist method

the technological pecularities and advantages of the resist method of alkaline crimping of cotton fabrics are discussed. the effect of the basic technological parameters of the process - concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution and amounts of the water-repellent and cross-linking agents included in the resist printing paste - on the..

reducing environmental contamination by indigo in continuous dyeing of cotton denim yarn

the amount of unfixed indigo that is removed from denim yarn in the wash boxes on continuous dyeing ranges is influenced strongly by the application method used during dyeing. traditional methods that employ needlessly high concentrations of dye to achieve a given depth of shade often result in excessively high concentrations of unfixed d..

new approach to the study of textile dyeing properties with liquid chromatography. part i: direct dye adsorption on cotton using a rolled fabric stationary phase

direct dye adsorption isotherms have been obtained using a rolled cotton fabric stationary phase in a liquid chromatography column. both frontal analysis and minor disturbance methods were tested. the minor disturbance method was not useful due to the slow rate of dye equilibration relative to the velocity of the pulse of dye passed throu..

addition of reactive compounds to the dyebath of non-reactive dyes part iv: mechanism of fixation of direct blue 2 by cyanuric chloride on cotton and precationized cotton

a simple procedure for the formation and fixation of a reactive dye, having a high-affinity skeleton, within the interstices of cotton fibres is described. it involves dyeing cotton with direct blue 2, followed by treating the dyed fibre with cyanuric chloride and finally reacting the dichlorotriazinyl-dye, presumably formed in situ, with..

application of anions to nonionic fibers. cellulosic fibers and their sorption of anions

most of the color chemicals used in dyeing are present in the dyebath in the form of water soluble sodium salts. the main exceptions are basic dyes and disperse dyes which are discussed pigments are also discussed, although they are not dyes and do not diffuse from the surface into fibers. when dyeing cellulose, dyebath anions derived fro..

simultaneous dye and finish fixation on a radiation-induced n-methylolacrylamide-treated wool/viscose blend

the present work deals with the radiation-chemical modification of a wool/viscose (w/v) blend (50/50), aiming at studying the feasibility of a simultaneous dyeing and finishing of the modified substrate in a single-step process. gamma rays (0. 54-1. 35 mrad) -induced grafting of n-methylolacrylamide (nma) onto w/v was studied results indi..

wrinkle-recovery of carrier-dyed wool-polyester-fibre fabrics

an investigation is described in which the reduction in wrinkle-recovery of wool-polyester-fiber fabrics caused by the use of carrier during dyeing was studied. only the polyester-fiber component absorbed appreciable amounts of carrier, and the extent of the reduction in wrinkle-recovery depended on the type and amount of carrier retained..