How dye structure affects disperse and solvent dye adsorption on nylon and polyester

This study examines the effect of different dye structures on the disperse dyeing of nylon and polyester. Three disperse and four solvent dyes of widely differing azo and anthraquinoid structures were used, and the amount of dye adsorbed was determined for each dyeing. Results show that dye structure and size, and fibre type had a profoun..

The Basolan AS process: a new concept in wool dyeing

The new Basolan AS process for wool dyeing is described. The process restricts the deterioration of wool properties that occurs as a result of dyeing. This is achieved through a reduction in the extent to which wool is permancently set during dyeing. Two options are available to the dyer involving the addition of antisetting chemicals to ..

Influence of cotton ageing on colour variation in dyed fabrics

It is shown that degradation of cotton fibres occurs during bale storage for up to 12 weeks under standard warehouse conditions. Most of the changes occur at the fibre surfaces, with the formation of oxycellulose, which is associated with yellowing and ultraviolet fluorescence. These changes affect dye uptake by the cotton, aged samples d..

Equipment developed for supercritical dyeing

This article reports on the equipment developed by German dyeing machine builder, Josef Jasper GmbH, which enables dyeing to take place in supercritical fluids liquid carbon dioxide. The basic advantages of dyeing in supercritical carbon dioxide are that dyeing times are greatly reduced and drying is eliminated. Using the supercritical li..

Double overflow technology - a major advance in fabric dyeing.

This article describes the double overflow technology, developed for the dyeing of fabrics. The technology has been developed by Sclav os SA and their machine, the Apollon Twin Soft Flow machine is described. The characteristics of the Apollon lend itself to processing many different fabric styles, light and heavy fabrics, knits and woven..

Solution to problems in washing-off of vat dyeings in jet and overflow machines tested in practice

The critical phase in the vat dyeing of knitted fabric in rope form is the rinsing process, ie the transition from reducing and oxidizing conditions. Both excessively short and excessively long rinsing times cause problems. Conductivity and redox measurements have been shown to be unsuitable for controlling parameters. The high stability ..

Are quick methods suitable for determination of the chemical and biochemical oxygen demand of textile waste water?

Two methods of analysis are introduced which permit simplified determination of the chemical and biochemical oxygen demand in relation to the appropriate DIN standards. As the time taken to measure the biochemical oxygen demand is only a few minutes, the cause of the biochemical oxygen demand can be determined in specific cases and strate..

Removing colour from dyehouse waste waters

Strict controls are being introduced on coloured effluents from dyehouses discharged to sewer. Failure to comply with these new regulations could result in prosecution. Yet in certain cases the technology to treat dyehouse waste waters adequately is either not available or prohibitivel costly. This paper reviews the treatment technologies..

Ecotoxicological evaluation of textile effluents and textile auxiliaries by inhibiting the bioluminescence of luminous bacteria as bioindicators

The use of the bioluminescence test for characterizing textile effluents is examind. It is useful for evaluating the compatibility of bacteria with effluents and textile auxiliaries. A clarification plant loaded with effluent is discussed and the toxicities at a clarification plant with a high and alow efluent load are dearmined. Resuults..

Method for degumming silk fabrics and apparatus therefor

A method and a kier for degumming a silk fabric to remove sericin are disclosed. The degumming solution is heated in the kier to 120-130℃ and the fabric is immersed in the solution for 30-60min. The kier consists of a body containing a degumming chamer and a pair of heat exchanger chamber communicating at the top and bottom parts with th..