The influence of the thermal history on the fine structure of heat-set polyester. III. Differential solubility

Two substrates based on polyester microfiber, stabilized at 150 and 190 C respectively, were used to produce 2 fabrics which were leat set at temperatures of between 150 and 200 C. After heat setting the threads were separated and placed in a mixture of phenol/tetrachloroethane for 30 minutes to determine differential solubility. It was f..

Compressive shrinkage of woven and knitted fabrics

The causes of shrinkage in wovern fabric are noted and the principles underlying the process of compressive shrinkage are expounded. The structure and functioning of compressive shrinkage equipment based on the Cluett system is described. The influence of compressive shrinkage on bleached and dyed fabrics is described, and the functioning..

Short history of the fabrication of dyes throughout the world, past, present and future

It was only in 1856 that the first synthetic dyes appeared, produced by the founder of Perkins && Sons shortly before Hoechst and Bayer opened their dye works in 1863. By 1995 China, S. Korea, Taiwan and india will control more than half the dye market. World total dyes and pigments sales are expected to rise from the 1.2 million t of 199..

Discharge and resist printing I

A review of discharge and resist printing is given. The following points are discussed: classical discharge prints; resist prints; discharge-resist prints; current printing method; discharge styles; ground color; illumination colours; discharging agents; auxiliary chemicals; pigmentilluminated discharge; discharging of indigo; reduction d..

Cost effective production on indigo dyeing machines

There is great potential for new and replacement investment in indigo dyeing machines due to the uninterruped success of denim clothing. On-going development in this field markes possible effective production on a high quality level. The multi-vat machine concept has regained tis importance through the flexible adaptation of machine techn..

The action of light on dyes and textile substrates. I. Theoretical bases and experimental apparatus

A study of the effect of light on dyes aimed to supply useful indications not only of the fastness of the dyes, but also of the behaviour of the textile substrates and the auxiliary products used at the various stages of processing and finishing. This part of the study discusses the basic concepts of photochemical degradation and its mech..

REVIEW OF PROBLEMS IN WET PROCESSING OF SILK AND POSSIBLE REMEDIES.

Dyeing, printing, and finishing machines exhibited at ATME-I 1993 were notable for their quality, efficiency, and environmental safety. Gaston County collaborated with ABB Robotics to design and manufacture the automated APD horizontal package dyeing and drying system. Sclavos' Apollon Twin Soft Flow machine, which has both atmospheric an..

Two Color Cone Identification Systems Up Efficiency.

Hoechst Celanese uses a two color cone identification system at its Celco plant in Narrows, Virginia. The plant ships a large number of acetate yarns for use in draperies and apparel. The two color indentification system increases the speed of shipments by allowing for the rapid identification of denier and finish. Hoechst Celanese inital..

STEAM ENGINEERING PRACTICES FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE IN DYESTUFF INDUSTRY.

The dyeing industry uses steam for a variety of functions ranging from heating to power generation. Its major advantage is flexibility. Regulation of temperature and pressure, and system alterations and additions, limited only by the maximum capacity of the mains, are easy. Controlling the steam at optimum levels is critical to achieving ..

Green Dyer.

Dyers are under great pressure to produce apparel that is fashionable, functional, affordable, and environmentally friendly, but they have little or no control over the type, dyeing behavior, and ecological properties of the fibers with thich they are supplied. The dyers' responsibility lies in the selection of dyes, chemicals, dyeing mac..