State of art in the field of spinning staple fibres is characterised by the development towards gradual and more gentle opening of the fibres, more intensive and continuous blending throughout the batch, and introduction of integrated systems for objective and precise tuning of working elements. A growing number of relevant quality parameters of semi-finished articles and yarn have been monitored and controlled in real time, using computers. The trend of more differentiated drives of servo engines for individual working elements or groups of elements on machines is also pronounced, connected with the attempts of energy savings. In rotor spinning, spinning units have been improved at a growing rate, contributing to a broader assortment and higher quality of the yarns produced. New technical and technological developments in air-jet spinning of cotton offer production speeds as high as 400 m/min. The process of manufacturing yarn by wrapping on a hollows spindle, used to produced smooth and effect yarns, is described. The properties of the yarn manufactured by air-jet spinning are presented, while the properties of the wrapped yarn, produced on a machine with allow spindles are described on the basis of theory and experiments done.