The most important trends in fabric testing include automation and the increased prevalence of online fabric inspection equipment. Recent environmental legislation and ecolabeling initiatives are expanding the range of fabric tests. To comply with strict environmental standards, new test must go beyond the traditional measurement of physical properties to include the determination of the quantity of residual chemicals in fabrics and the pH of aqueous extracts. Shade matching is one test that has benefited greatly from the introduction of computer technologies. Modern color matching systems use sophisticated software and algorithms to calculate color values using spectrophotometry. Fabric inspection systems, assisted by computer technology and imaging systems, are becoming more automatic. The general trend toward more comprehensive fabric testing is increasing the need for independent testing laboratories. In Great Britain, the most important fabric testing laboratories include the Bolton Institute's School of Textile Studies, BTTG, SGS UK Limited, Testometric, Lloyd Instruments, Hereaus Equipment Limited, and James Bailey Engineers Limited.