To meet the demand for shorter lead times, right first time manufacture via coloration control has become the norm for progressive dyeing plants. Increasing production efficiency and eliminating the cost of nonconformance while minimizing the impact on effluent load has led to the development of controlled coloration technology. By understanding the fading mechanisms, it is possible to engineer reactive dyes with inherent resistance. For disperse dyes, adopting a reduction clearing treatment for each batch can be expensive and time consuming. In controlled coloration, data concerning the ease of clearing and fastness after finishing at different dye concentrations is available to help identify the correct dye and clearing treatment to meet fastness specifications. Controlled coloration in exhaust dyeing of cotton with reactive dyes has been extended recently to the rinse stages. A very simple pad dry process without the need for large amounts of chemicals uses highly reactive dichlorotriazine dyes with only mildly alkaline sodium bicarbonate, eliminating the need for urea, sodium silicate, common salt, and other chemicals.