Lattice Model for the Drape and Bending Properties of Nonwoven Fabrics

A discrete lattice model is presented to study the factors controlling the bending stiffness of nonwoven fabrics. The approach lends itself very easily to a detailed study of the importance of bonding pattern, laydown nonuniformities, fiber length, and orientation distribution. We find that nonwovens with a three-dimensional fiber orienta..

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Effects of Mold Porosity on Fiber Distribution in a 3D Nonwoven Process

3D nonwovens can be formed using the air-laying principle. The fibers are deposited onto a porous mold and the web is then consolidated. Distribution of the fibers on the 3D mold must be regulated to produce a final product with the desired fabric evenness. This can largely be achieved by varying the local mold porosity. CFD modeling is u..

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Properties of Specialty Yarns Based on Raw and Dyed Cotton

During the manufacture of specialty yams by blending dyed cotton and raw cotton, fibers damaged by the dyeing process degrade the physical properties of the specialty yams. For a raw cotton blended with a large amount of dyed cotton, the spinnability of the specialty yarn worsens due to the disparity of the raw materials, which makes fine..

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Role of Baffles on Flow Fields Inside Wet-Lay Mixing Tanks and Their Potential Influence on Fiber Dispersion

Dispersion and separation of fiber bundles requires exposing them to a shear stress field to overcome interfiber frictional forces. To this end, fiber-mixing tanks are equipped with baffles to enhance shear and agitation in the water to help disperse the fiber bundles. The time and agitation required to separate and disperse the fibers de..

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Relation Between Frictional Characteristics and the Strings' Ability to Make a Tennis Ball Spin

The spin of a tennis ball during play is an important factor. There are two kinds of racket strings, one that causes the ball to spin, and the other makes spinning difficult. The relationship between the spin behavior of a tennis ball and the mechanical properties of the strings is discussed. Rotations of the ball after impact are observe..

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Deformation Analysis of 3D Braided Structural Composites

A nonlinear finite element technique is used to simulate and analyze the deformation behavior of 3D braided composites. The finite element displacement formula is derived from the geometric nonlinear behavior of braided composites. The integral relevant to the element stiffness matrix is simplified by selecting a 20-node hexahedral solid ..

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Friction of Cotton Yarn in Relation to Fluff Formation on Circular Knitting Machines

The problem of fluff formation on circular knitting machines from spun yarns like cotton is investigated in order to study the amount of fluff with respect to knitting conditions, including yam tension, yam feeding speed, and angle. A novel test-rig is designed to measure tension variation and the extent of fluff generation. The results d..

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Experimental Study of a High Drafting System in Cotton Spinning

Using high drafting on a sliver-to-yarn ring spinning frame requires. some critical conditions. In order to understand what occurs during this process, an experimental design is used, and the most influential parameters and their interactions are determined. This approach is applied to spinning of thick and medium cotton yarns for denim f..

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Dynamic Control of a Cross-Lapper

In the textile industry, a cross-lapper is used to produce uniform layers of fibers with suitable widths and thicknesses. In this paper, first, Hamilton's principle is used to formulate a mathematical model of a cross-lapper, then the nonlinear model is linearized to get is corresponding open loop transfer function. Next, the root-locus t..

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Phosphorylation of Cellulose with Some Phosphonic Acid Derivatives

Cellulose is readily phosphorylated with phosphonic acid derivatives upon heating at elevated temperatures. In this paper, various properties of cotton fabrics phosphorylated with 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid, phenyl phosphonic acid, 2-carboxyeth ylphosphonic acid. and N-(phosphonomethyl)iminodiacetic acid are investigated. P..

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