Steam conditioning is an essential requirement for the production of high twist yarns, which are susceptible to snarling. Steam conditioning can also improve the performance of weft yarns during weaving. The steam conditioning procedures followed by four Indian mills were studied. Data was collected on the type of conditioning machine, vacuum pressure, temperature, time of steaming, number of repeat cycles, and type of yarn being processed. Vacuum steam conditioning was used most often, but direct steam conditioning was performed in some mills. Steam conditioning reduced the snarling index in most cases. Conditioning after winding was more successful in the reduction of snarling than conditioning before winding. Vacuum conditioning was the preferred method for polyester/cotton fabrics.