Intelligent fabrics have applications in protective clothing for sports and military uniforms. Intelligent fabrics feature integrated sensors and actuators, such as breathing and heartbeat pulse sensors, thermal sensors, global positioning system receivers, microcontrollers, and electromagnetic interference sensors. Developments in intelligent fabrics with applications in protective equipment include high performance antennae and high voltage (8,700 kilovolts AC) equipment. Research continues to focus on optimizing the construction of heat protective equipment; development of three dimensional fleece fabrics; numberical simulations of thermal and physical transport behavior; and the use of ceramic, intumescent, and shape memory materials.