The single cylinder circular knitting machine is continuing to grow in importance in the specialist, rarefied and closely controlled field of medical hosiery. Research and development continues into product possibilities using the latest fine gauge electronic flat machines, with unrivalled pattern options a contributory factor. The method of obtaining accurate graduated compression ratios is explained for an individual leg via a scanning programme, and long haul DVT scares have boosted the market. The Santoni Pendolina Medical made by Matec in Florence is covered in detail, with its wide versatility noted. Merz Maschinenfabrik specializes in circular single cylinder machines for medical hosiery-the CC4-MED fully electronic machine is described with extensive technical information on the machine’s design, construction, features and control system. Another specialist whose equipment is reviewed is Harry Lucas Textilmaschinen. Its Model RME compression hosiery machine is examined with the user-friendly programmable electronic control options discussed. Optional items completing the comprehensive specification are listed.